尼泊爾: 安娜普納山卡拉之旅 (DAY 1)

坐黃昏的飛機出發，一切都很順利，只是機票比一般貴，又不見得特別好。
只是要到孟加拉的達卡轉機，這個地方，我聽過，現在land過。
深夜才到加德滿都(kathmandu)，做落地簽証，要帶相。
MAP OF NEPAL
http://www.lirung.com/map/map_e/Nepal_Map_NPe.html
喜馬拉雅山脈（The Himalayas）是世界海拔最高的山脈，位於亞洲的中國與尼泊爾之間，分布於青藏高原南緣，西起克什米爾的南迦－帕爾巴特峰（北緯35°14'21"，東經74°35'24"，海拔8125米），東至雅魯藏布江大拐彎處的南迦巴瓦峰（北緯29°37'51」，東經95°03'31」，海拔7756米），全長2400公里。主峰珠穆朗瑪海拔高度8844.43米。
根據板塊構造學，喜馬拉雅山脈是由印澳板塊與歐亞大陸板塊碰撞形成的。 所以現在喜馬拉雅山仍然在緩慢上升中。喜馬拉雅山脈約有70多個山峰。
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E5%96%9C%E9%A9%AC%E6%8B%89%E9%9B%85%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89
Himalayas
The Himalaya Range (Sanskrit: literally, "abode of snow", Sanskrit: Devanagari: हिमालय, IPA: /hɪˈmɑːləj(ə)/), the Himalayas or Himalaya for short, is a mountain range in Asia, separating the Indian subcontinent from theTibetan Plateau. By extension, it is also the name of a massive mountain system that includes the Karakoram, the Hindu Kush, and other, lesser, ranges that extend out from the Pamir Knot.
Together, the Himalayan mountain system is the planet's highest, and home to the world's highest peaks, the Eight-thousanders, which include Mount Everest and K2. To comprehend the enormous scale of this mountain range, consider that Aconcagua, in the Andes, at 6,962 metres (22,841 ft) is the highest peak outside Asia, whereas the Himalayan system includes over 100 mountains exceeding 7,200 m (23,622 ft).^[1]

Some of the world's major rivers, the Ganges, Indus, Brahmaputra, Yangtze, Mekong, Salween, Red River (Asia), Xunjiang, Chao Phraya, Irrawaddy River, Amu Darya, Syr Darya, Tarim River and Yellow River, rise in the Himalayas, and their combined drainage basin is home to some 3 billion people (almost half of Earth's population) in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, People's Republic of China, India, Nepal, Burma, Cambodia, Tajikistan,Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia and Pakistan.

The Himalayas have profoundly shaped the cultures of South Asia; many Himalayan peaks are sacred in Hinduism, Buddhism and Sikhism. The main Himalaya range runs west to east, from the Indus river valley to the Brahmaputra river valley, forming an arc 2,400 km (1,491 mi) long, which varies in width from 400 km (249 mi) in the western Kashmir-Xinjiang region to 150 km (93 mi) in the eastern Tibet-Arunachal Pradesh region. The range consists of three coextensive sub-ranges, with the northernmost, and highest, known as the Great or Inner Himalayas.

Origins and growth

The 6,000 km plus journey of the India landmass (Indian Plate) before its collision with Asia (Eurasian Plate) about 40 to 50 million years ago

Main article: Geology of the Himalaya

The Himalayas are among the youngest mountain ranges on the planet and consist mostly of uplifted sedimentary and metamorphic rock. According to the modern theory of plate tectonics, their formation is a result of acontinental collision or orogeny along the convergent boundary between the Indo-Australian Plate and the Eurasian Plate. This is referred to as a fold mountain.
The collision began in the Upper Cretaceous period about 70 million years ago, when the north-moving Indo-Australian Plate, moving at about 15 cm per year, collided with the Eurasian Plate. About 50 million years ago, this fast moving Indo-Australian plate had completely closed the Tethys Ocean, the existence of which has been determined by sedimentary rocks settled on the ocean floor, and the volcanoes that fringed its edges. Since these sediments were light, they crumpled into mountain ranges rather than sinking to the floor. The Indo-Australian plate continues to be driven horizontally below the Tibetan plateau, which forces the plateau to move upwards. TheArakan Yoma highlands in Myanmar and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal were also formed as a result of this collision.
The Indo-Australian plate is still moving at 67 mm per year, and over the next 10 million years it will travel about 1,500 km into Asia. About 20 mm per year of the India-Asia convergence is absorbed by thrusting along the Himalaya southern front. This leads to the Himalayas rising by about 5 mm per year, making them geologically active. The movement of the Indian plate into the Asian plate also makes this region seismically active, leading to earthquakesfrom time to time.